// Copyright 2015-2018 Hans Dembinski
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
// (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt
// or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

#ifndef BOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_HPP
#define BOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_HPP

#include <array>
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
#include <boost/core/nvp.hpp>
#include <boost/histogram/axis/traits.hpp>
#include <boost/histogram/axis/variant.hpp>
#include <boost/histogram/detail/make_default.hpp>
#include <boost/histogram/detail/optional_index.hpp>
#include <boost/histogram/detail/static_if.hpp>
#include <boost/histogram/fwd.hpp>
#include <boost/mp11/algorithm.hpp>
#include <boost/mp11/list.hpp>
#include <boost/mp11/tuple.hpp>
#include <boost/mp11/utility.hpp>
#include <boost/throw_exception.hpp>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>

/* Most of the histogram code is generic and works for any number of axes. Buffers with a
 * fixed maximum capacity are used in some places, which have a size equal to the rank of
 * a histogram. The buffers are statically allocated to improve performance, which means
 * that they need a preset maximum capacity. 32 seems like a safe upper limit for the rank
 * (you can nevertheless increase it here if necessary): the simplest non-trivial axis has
 * 2 bins; even if counters are used which need only a byte of storage per bin, this still
 * corresponds to 4 GB of storage.
 */
#ifndef BOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_LIMIT
#define BOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_LIMIT 32
#endif

namespace boost {
namespace histogram {
namespace detail {

template <class T>
unsigned axes_rank(const T& axes) {
  using std::begin;
  using std::end;
  return static_cast<unsigned>(std::distance(begin(axes), end(axes)));
}

template <class... Ts>
constexpr unsigned axes_rank(const std::tuple<Ts...>&) {
  return static_cast<unsigned>(sizeof...(Ts));
}

template <class T>
void throw_if_axes_is_too_large(const T& axes) {
  if (axes_rank(axes) > BOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_LIMIT)
    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(
        std::invalid_argument("length of axis vector exceeds internal buffers, "
                              "recompile with "
                              "-DBOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_LIMIT=<new max size> "
                              "to increase internal buffers"));
}

// tuple is never too large because internal buffers adapt to size of tuple
template <class... Ts>
void throw_if_axes_is_too_large(const std::tuple<Ts...>&) {}

template <unsigned N, class... Ts>
decltype(auto) axis_get(std::tuple<Ts...>& axes) {
  return std::get<N>(axes);
}

template <unsigned N, class... Ts>
decltype(auto) axis_get(const std::tuple<Ts...>& axes) {
  return std::get<N>(axes);
}

template <unsigned N, class T>
decltype(auto) axis_get(T& axes) {
  return axes[N];
}

template <unsigned N, class T>
decltype(auto) axis_get(const T& axes) {
  return axes[N];
}

template <class... Ts>
auto axis_get(std::tuple<Ts...>& axes, const unsigned i) {
  constexpr auto S = sizeof...(Ts);
  using V = mp11::mp_unique<axis::variant<Ts*...>>;
  return mp11::mp_with_index<S>(i, [&axes](auto i) { return V(&std::get<i>(axes)); });
}

template <class... Ts>
auto axis_get(const std::tuple<Ts...>& axes, const unsigned i) {
  constexpr auto S = sizeof...(Ts);
  using V = mp11::mp_unique<axis::variant<const Ts*...>>;
  return mp11::mp_with_index<S>(i, [&axes](auto i) { return V(&std::get<i>(axes)); });
}

template <class T>
decltype(auto) axis_get(T& axes, const unsigned i) {
  return axes[i];
}

template <class T>
decltype(auto) axis_get(const T& axes, const unsigned i) {
  return axes[i];
}

template <class... Ts, class... Us>
bool axes_equal(const std::tuple<Ts...>& ts, const std::tuple<Us...>& us) {
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  return static_if<std::is_same<mp_list<Ts...>, mp_list<Us...>>>(
      [](const auto& ts, const auto& us) {
        using N = mp_size<std::decay_t<decltype(ts)>>;
        bool equal = true;
        mp_for_each<mp_iota<N>>(
            [&](auto I) { equal &= relaxed_equal(std::get<I>(ts), std::get<I>(us)); });
        return equal;
      },
      [](const auto&, const auto&) { return false; }, ts, us);
}

template <class T, class... Us>
bool axes_equal(const T& t, const std::tuple<Us...>& u) {
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  if (t.size() != sizeof...(Us)) return false;
  bool equal = true;
  mp_for_each<mp_iota_c<sizeof...(Us)>>([&](auto I) { equal &= t[I] == std::get<I>(u); });
  return equal;
}

template <class... Ts, class U>
bool axes_equal(const std::tuple<Ts...>& t, const U& u) {
  return axes_equal(u, t);
}

template <class T, class U>
bool axes_equal(const T& t, const U& u) {
  if (t.size() != u.size()) return false;
  return std::equal(t.begin(), t.end(), u.begin());
}

template <class... Ts, class... Us>
void axes_assign(std::tuple<Ts...>& t, const std::tuple<Us...>& u) {
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  static_if<std::is_same<mp_list<Ts...>, mp_list<Us...>>>(
      [](auto& a, const auto& b) { a = b; },
      [](auto&, const auto&) {
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(
            std::invalid_argument("cannot assign axes, types do not match"));
      },
      t, u);
}

template <class... Ts, class U>
void axes_assign(std::tuple<Ts...>& t, const U& u) {
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  mp_for_each<mp_iota_c<sizeof...(Ts)>>([&](auto I) {
    using T = mp_at_c<std::tuple<Ts...>, I>;
    std::get<I>(t) = axis::get<T>(u[I]);
  });
}

template <class T, class... Us>
void axes_assign(T& t, const std::tuple<Us...>& u) {
  // resize instead of reserve, because t may not be empty and we want exact capacity
  t.resize(sizeof...(Us));
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  mp_for_each<mp_iota_c<sizeof...(Us)>>([&](auto I) { t[I] = std::get<I>(u); });
}

template <class T, class U>
void axes_assign(T& t, const U& u) {
  t.assign(u.begin(), u.end());
}

template <class Archive, class T>
void axes_serialize(Archive& ar, T& axes) {
  ar& make_nvp("axes", axes);
}

template <class Archive, class... Ts>
void axes_serialize(Archive& ar, std::tuple<Ts...>& axes) {
  // needed to keep serialization format backward compatible
  struct proxy {
    std::tuple<Ts...>& t;
    void serialize(Archive& ar, unsigned /* version */) {
      mp11::tuple_for_each(t, [&ar](auto& x) { ar& make_nvp("item", x); });
    }
  };
  proxy p{axes};
  ar& make_nvp("axes", p);
}

// create empty dynamic axis which can store any axes types from the argument
template <class T>
auto make_empty_dynamic_axes(const T& axes) {
  return make_default(axes);
}

template <class... Ts>
auto make_empty_dynamic_axes(const std::tuple<Ts...>&) {
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  using L = mp_unique<axis::variant<Ts...>>;
  // return std::vector<axis::variant<Axis0, Axis1, ...>> or std::vector<Axis0>
  return std::vector<mp_if_c<(mp_size<L>::value == 1), mp_first<L>, L>>{};
}

template <class T>
void axis_index_is_valid(const T& axes, const unsigned N) {
  BOOST_ASSERT_MSG(N < axes_rank(axes), "index out of range");
}

template <class Axes, class V>
void for_each_axis_impl(std::true_type, Axes&& axes, V&& v) {
  for (auto&& a : axes) { axis::visit(std::forward<V>(v), a); }
}

template <class Axes, class V>
void for_each_axis_impl(std::false_type, Axes&& axes, V&& v) {
  for (auto&& a : axes) std::forward<V>(v)(a);
}

template <class Axes, class V>
void for_each_axis(Axes&& a, V&& v) {
  using namespace ::boost::mp11;
  using T = mp_first<std::decay_t<Axes>>;
  for_each_axis_impl(is_axis_variant<T>(), std::forward<Axes>(a), std::forward<V>(v));
}

template <class V, class... Axis>
void for_each_axis(const std::tuple<Axis...>& a, V&& v) {
  mp11::tuple_for_each(a, std::forward<V>(v));
}

template <class V, class... Axis>
void for_each_axis(std::tuple<Axis...>& a, V&& v) {
  mp11::tuple_for_each(a, std::forward<V>(v));
}

// total number of bins including *flow bins
template <class T>
std::size_t bincount(const T& axes) {
  std::size_t n = 1;
  for_each_axis(axes, [&n](const auto& a) {
    const auto old = n;
    const auto s = axis::traits::extent(a);
    n *= s;
    if (s > 0 && n < old) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::overflow_error("bincount overflow"));
  });
  return n;
}

// initial offset for the linear index
template <class T>
std::size_t offset(const T& axes) {
  std::size_t n = 0;
  for_each_axis(axes, [&n, stride = static_cast<std::size_t>(1)](const auto& a) mutable {
    if (axis::traits::options(a) & axis::option::growth)
      n = invalid_index;
    else if (n != invalid_index && axis::traits::options(a) & axis::option::underflow)
      n += stride;
    stride *= axis::traits::extent(a);
  });
  return n;
}

template <class T>
using buffer_size_impl = typename std::tuple_size<T>::type;

template <class T>
using buffer_size = mp11::mp_eval_or<
    std::integral_constant<std::size_t, BOOST_HISTOGRAM_DETAIL_AXES_LIMIT>,
    buffer_size_impl, T>;

template <class T, std::size_t N>
class sub_array : public std::array<T, N> {
  using base_type = std::array<T, N>;

public:
  explicit sub_array(std::size_t s) noexcept(
      std::is_nothrow_default_constructible<T>::value)
      : size_(s) {
    BOOST_ASSERT_MSG(size_ <= N, "requested size exceeds size of static buffer");
  }

  sub_array(std::size_t s,
            const T& value) noexcept(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<T>::value)
      : size_(s) {
    BOOST_ASSERT_MSG(size_ <= N, "requested size exceeds size of static buffer");
    std::array<T, N>::fill(value);
  }

  // need to override both versions of std::array
  auto end() noexcept { return base_type::begin() + size_; }
  auto end() const noexcept { return base_type::begin() + size_; }

  auto size() const noexcept { return size_; }

private:
  std::size_t size_;
};

template <class U, class T>
using stack_buffer = sub_array<U, buffer_size<T>::value>;

// make default-constructed buffer (no initialization for POD types)
template <class U, class T>
auto make_stack_buffer(const T& t) {
  return stack_buffer<U, T>(axes_rank(t));
}

// make buffer with elements initialized to v
template <class U, class T, class V>
auto make_stack_buffer(const T& t, V&& v) {
  return stack_buffer<U, T>(axes_rank(t), std::forward<V>(v));
}

template <class T>
using has_underflow =
    decltype(axis::traits::get_options<T>::test(axis::option::underflow));

template <class T>
using is_growing = decltype(axis::traits::get_options<T>::test(axis::option::growth));

template <class T>
using is_not_inclusive = mp11::mp_not<axis::traits::is_inclusive<T>>;

// for vector<T>
template <class T>
struct axis_types_impl {
  using type = mp11::mp_list<std::decay_t<T>>;
};

// for vector<variant<Ts...>>
template <class... Ts>
struct axis_types_impl<axis::variant<Ts...>> {
  using type = mp11::mp_list<std::decay_t<Ts>...>;
};

// for tuple<Ts...>
template <class... Ts>
struct axis_types_impl<std::tuple<Ts...>> {
  using type = mp11::mp_list<std::decay_t<Ts>...>;
};

template <class T>
using axis_types =
    typename axis_types_impl<mp11::mp_if<is_vector_like<T>, mp11::mp_first<T>, T>>::type;

template <template <class> class Trait, class Axes>
using has_special_axis = mp11::mp_any_of<axis_types<Axes>, Trait>;

template <class Axes>
using has_growing_axis = mp11::mp_any_of<axis_types<Axes>, is_growing>;

template <class Axes>
using has_non_inclusive_axis = mp11::mp_any_of<axis_types<Axes>, is_not_inclusive>;

template <class T>
constexpr std::size_t type_score() {
  return sizeof(T) *
         (std::is_integral<T>::value ? 1 : std::is_floating_point<T>::value ? 10 : 100);
}

// arbitrary ordering of types
template <class T, class U>
using type_less = mp11::mp_bool<(type_score<T>() < type_score<U>())>;

template <class Axes>
using value_types = mp11::mp_sort<
    mp11::mp_unique<mp11::mp_transform<axis::traits::value_type, axis_types<Axes>>>,
    type_less>;

} // namespace detail
} // namespace histogram
} // namespace boost

#endif
